In December, Karl gave invited lecture to the Ecology Program at Penn State and to the Bioversity Alliance – CIAT research group on biodiversity, health, and nutrition in Hanoi, Vietnam. Martha Bell (Ph.D 2012; now a faculty member at PUCP in Lima, Peru) led and delivered a research paper at the CLAG-Guatemala meeting that describes research on urban agriculture with Karl, Medora, and other colleagues. Earlier in 2019 Karl gave a pair of talks on new research on “Foods and waterworks of Imperial Spain, Africa, and Colonial New Worlds” at the International Congress of Environmental History and on “Agrobiodiversity amid global climate change and urbanization” at the Harlan 3 meeting. See Presentations for more details.